Physics (Grade 10–12, BC: Science 10 → Physics 11 → Physics 12)　Physics (Grade 10–12, BC: Science 10 → Physics 11 → Physics 12)

📌 Course at a glance
· 19 units · key topics drilled across the official outline
· Next exam: 2026-06-25 · 29 days to exam

📝 Full chapter-by-chapter lecture walkthroughs are being written. This page is the course outline — every unit and topic that will be covered, with key concepts you can already start to recognise. Use it as a study map; the chapter notes drop in over the coming weeks.

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Course outline

Unit 1 · Energy, Work & Conservation (Science 10)

Exam weight: Gr 10 · Foundational

1.1 — Kinetic & Potential Energy　Kinetic & Potential Energy
· Kinetic energy KE = ½mv² · Gravitational potential energy PE = mgh · Energy as the capacity to do work

1.2 — Law of Conservation of Energy　Law of Conservation of Energy
· Energy is neither created nor destroyed · Total mechanical energy in a closed system · Tracking KE ↔ PE exchanges

1.3 — Energy Transformations & Efficiency　Energy Transformations & Efficiency
· Transformation between energy forms · Transfer in open vs closed systems · Efficiency = useful out / total in

1.4 — Heat and Specific Heat (Q = mcΔT)　Heat and Specific Heat (Q = mcΔT)
· Heat as energy transfer · Specific heat capacity · Q = mcΔT calculations

Unit 2 · Nuclear Energy & Radiation (Science 10)

Exam weight: Gr 10 · Foundational

2.1 — Atomic Structure & Isotopes　Atomic Structure & Isotopes
· Protons, neutrons, electrons · Atomic number and mass number · Isotopes and notation

2.2 — Radiation: Alpha, Beta & Gamma　Radiation: Alpha, Beta & Gamma
· Alpha, beta, gamma radiation · Ionizing vs non-ionizing radiation · Penetrating power and shielding

2.3 — Fission vs Fusion　Fission vs Fusion
· Nuclear fission splits heavy nuclei · Nuclear fusion combines light nuclei · Energy release and mass–energy

2.4 — Nuclear Technologies & Impacts　Nuclear Technologies & Impacts
· Nuclear power and medical isotopes · Radioactive dating · Benefits, risks and environmental impacts

Unit 3 · Vectors & Scalars (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

3.1 — Scalars vs Vectors　Scalars vs Vectors
· Scalars have magnitude only · Vectors have magnitude and direction · Representing vectors with arrows

3.2 — Vector Components & Right-Angle Trig　Vector Components & Right-Angle Trig
· Resolving a vector into x and y components · Using sine, cosine, tangent · Magnitude and direction from components

3.3 — Adding & Subtracting Vectors　Adding & Subtracting Vectors
· Tip-to-tail and component methods · Resultant vectors · Vector subtraction

Unit 4 · Kinematics (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

4.1 — Distance, Displacement, Speed & Velocity　Distance, Displacement, Speed & Velocity
· Distance vs displacement · Speed vs velocity · Average vs instantaneous

4.2 — Acceleration & the Kinematics Equations　Acceleration & the Kinematics Equations
· Acceleration as rate of change of velocity · The five kinematics equations · Choosing the right equation

4.3 — Position-Time & Velocity-Time Graphs　Position-Time & Velocity-Time Graphs
· Slope of position-time = velocity · Slope of velocity-time = acceleration · Area under velocity-time = displacement

4.4 — Free Fall　Free Fall
· Acceleration due to gravity g · Objects in free fall · Up-and-down motion

Unit 5 · Projectile Motion (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

5.1 — Horizontal Projectile Launch　Horizontal Projectile Launch
· Independence of horizontal and vertical motion · Constant horizontal velocity · Vertical free fall

5.2 — Angled Projectile Launch　Angled Projectile Launch
· Resolving the launch velocity · Time of flight, range, max height · Symmetry of the trajectory

5.3 — Solving Projectile Problems　Solving Projectile Problems
· Separating x and y equations · Common problem types · Checking reasonableness

Unit 6 · Dynamics: Forces & Newton's Laws (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

6.1 — Types of Forces & Free-Body Diagrams　Types of Forces & Free-Body Diagrams
· Normal, tension, spring, friction, gravity · Drawing free-body diagrams · Net force

6.2 — Newton's First Law (Inertia)　Newton's First Law (Inertia)
· Inertia and equilibrium · Objects at rest or constant velocity · Balanced forces

6.3 — Newton's Second Law (F = ma)　Newton's Second Law (F = ma)
· Net force causes acceleration · F = ma calculations · Direction of acceleration

6.4 — Newton's Third Law　Newton's Third Law
· Action–reaction pairs · Equal and opposite forces · Identifying the pair

6.5 — Mass, Weight & Apparent Weight　Mass, Weight & Apparent Weight
· Mass vs weight (W = mg) · Apparent weight · Normal force and scales

Unit 7 · Forces in Systems (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

7.1 — Friction　Friction
· Static vs kinetic friction · Coefficient of friction · f = μN

7.2 — Inclined Planes　Inclined Planes
· Components of gravity on a ramp · Normal force on an incline · Acceleration down a ramp

7.3 — Connected Objects & Multi-Body Systems　Connected Objects & Multi-Body Systems
· Tension in connecting ropes · Treating a system as one mass · Atwood machines

7.4 — Elevators & Apparent Weight　Elevators & Apparent Weight
· Apparent weight while accelerating · Normal force in an elevator · Free-body analysis

Unit 8 · Work, Energy, Power & Simple Machines (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

8.1 — Work and the Work-Energy Theorem　Work and the Work-Energy Theorem
· Work W = Fd cosθ · Work–energy theorem · Positive and negative work

8.2 — Mechanical Energy & Conservation　Mechanical Energy & Conservation
· Kinetic and potential energy · Conservation of mechanical energy · Energy with friction

8.3 — Power & Efficiency　Power & Efficiency
· Power P = $\frac{W}{t}$ · Mechanical and electrical power · Efficiency

8.4 — Simple Machines & Mechanical Advantage　Simple Machines & Mechanical Advantage
· Lever, ramp, pulley, wheel and axle · Mechanical advantage · Trade-off of force and distance

Unit 9 · DC Circuits (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

9.1 — Current, Voltage & Resistance (Ohm's Law)　Current, Voltage & Resistance (Ohm's Law)
· Current, voltage, resistance · Ohm's law V = IR · Conventional current

9.2 — Series & Parallel Circuits　Series & Parallel Circuits
· Series resistance adds · Parallel resistance combines reciprocally · Current and voltage rules

9.3 — Kirchhoff's Laws　Kirchhoff's Laws
· Junction (current) rule · Loop (voltage) rule · EMF vs terminal voltage

9.4 — Electrical Power & Safety　Electrical Power & Safety
· Power P = IV = I²R · Fuses, breakers, short circuits · Household safety

Unit 10 · Thermal Energy & Specific Heat (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

10.1 — Temperature, Heat & Thermal Equilibrium　Temperature, Heat & Thermal Equilibrium
· Temperature vs heat · Thermal equilibrium · Conservation of energy in heat exchange

10.2 — Specific Heat Capacity (Q = mcΔT)　Specific Heat Capacity (Q = mcΔT)
· Specific heat capacity · Q = mcΔT · Calorimetry

10.3 — Heat Transfer　Heat Transfer
· Conduction, convection, radiation · Heat flow direction · Insulation

Unit 11 · Waves (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

11.1 — Wave Types & Properties　Wave Types & Properties
· Transverse vs longitudinal · Amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period · Pulse vs periodic waves

11.2 — The Wave Equation (v = fλ)　The Wave Equation (v = fλ)
· Relating speed, frequency, wavelength · v = fλ · Period and frequency

11.3 — Wave Behaviour　Wave Behaviour
· Reflection and refraction · Diffraction · Interference and superposition

11.4 — Standing Waves　Standing Waves
· Nodes and antinodes · Resonant frequencies · Waves on strings

Unit 12 · Sound (Physics 11)

Exam weight: Gr 11 · Core

12.1 — Characteristics of Sound　Characteristics of Sound
· Pitch and frequency · Loudness and amplitude · Speed of sound

12.2 — The Doppler Effect　The Doppler Effect
· Apparent frequency shift · Source/observer motion · Sonic boom

12.3 — Resonance & Beats　Resonance & Beats
· Natural and resonant frequency · Harmonics · Beat frequency