Chemistry Fast-Track (Grade 5 → Chem 11) 化学直通车 · 五年级 → 化学11
📌 Course at a glance
· 8 units · key topics drilled across the official outline
· Next exam: — · —
📝 Full chapter-by-chapter lecture walkthroughs are being written. This page is the course outline — every unit and topic that will be covered, with key concepts you can already start to recognise. Use it as a study map; the chapter notes drop in over the coming weeks.
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Course outline
Unit 1 · Matter & the Particle Model 专题一 · 物质与粒子模型
Exam weight: 核心 Core
1.1 — What Is Matter? 什么是物质
· Matter has mass and takes up space · States: solid, liquid, gas · Air is matter too
1.2 — The Particle Model 粒子模型
· All matter is made of tiny particles · Particles: packed tight (solid), looser (liquid), far apart (gas) · Particles are always moving
1.3 — Physical Properties 物理性质
· Color, hardness, texture, magnetism · Float or sink (density idea) · Properties help identify materials
1.4 — Changes of State 状态变化
· Melting, freezing, boiling, condensing · What particles do during a state change · Temperature and particle motion
Unit 2 · Atoms & Elements 专题二 · 原子与元素
Exam weight: 核心 + 选修 Core + Option
2.1 — Atoms: Building Blocks 原子：万物的积木
· Keep dividing matter → atoms · Atoms are far too small to see · Everything is built from atoms
2.2 — Elements & Their Symbols 元素与元素符号
· An element = one kind of atom · Symbols: H, O, C, Na, Au, Fe · About 118 elements make everything
2.3 — Inside the Atom: Protons, Neutrons, Electrons 原子内部：质子·中子·电子
· Nucleus = protons (+) and neutrons (0) · Electrons (−) move around the nucleus · Atoms are neutral: # protons = # electrons
2.4 — Atomic Number & Mass Number 原子序数与质量数
· Atomic number = number of protons (defines the element) · Mass number = protons + neutrons · Find neutrons = mass number − atomic number
2.5 — Isotopes (Option · → Chem 11) 同位素 · 选修(→化学11)
· Same element, different number of neutrons · Example: carbon-12 vs carbon-14 · Average atomic mass (a peek)
2.6 — Electron Shells — Bohr Model (Option · → Chem 11) 电子壳层·玻尔模型 · 选修(→化学11)
· Electrons sit in shells (energy levels) · Shell capacities: 2, 8, 8… · Bohr diagrams for the first 20 elements
Unit 3 · The Periodic Table 专题三 · 周期表
Exam weight: 核心 + 选修 Core + Option
3.1 — How the Periodic Table Is Organized 周期表的排列
· Rows = periods, columns = groups/families · Ordered by atomic number · A map of all the elements
3.2 — Metals vs Non-metals 金属与非金属
· Metals: shiny, conduct, bendable (left/middle) · Non-metals: dull, brittle (right) · Metalloids in between
3.3 — Reading an Element Box 读元素格
· Symbol, atomic number, atomic mass · Find protons, electrons from the box · Locate an element by period & group
3.4 — Key Families: Alkali Metals, Halogens, Noble Gases (Option · → Chem 11) 重要的族：碱金属·卤素·稀有气体 · 选修(→化学11)
· Group 1 alkali metals: very reactive · Group 17 halogens: reactive non-metals · Group 18 noble gases: unreactive
3.5 — Valence Electrons & Trends (Option · → Chem 11) 价电子与规律 · 选修(→化学11)
· Valence electrons = outer-shell electrons · Same group → same valence → similar behaviour · Why families act alike
Unit 4 · Compounds, Molecules & Formulas 专题四 · 化合物·分子·化学式
Exam weight: 核心 + 选修 Core + Option
4.1 — Elements Combine → Compounds 元素结合成化合物
· A compound = two or more elements joined · Joined atoms behave differently (Na + Cl → table salt) · Compounds vs mixtures
4.2 — Molecules & Chemical Formulas 分子与化学式
· A molecule = atoms bonded together · Formula shows which atoms & how many (H₂O, CO₂) · Subscripts count atoms
4.3 — Counting Atoms in a Formula 数化学式里的原子
· Read subscripts: H₂SO₄ = 2 H, 1 S, 4 O · Coefficients multiply all: 3 H₂O = 6 H, 3 O · Total atoms in a compound
4.4 — Ions (Option · → Chem 11) 离子 · 选修(→化学11)
· Atoms can gain/lose electrons → ions · Lose e⁻ → positive (Na⁺); gain e⁻ → negative (Cl⁻) · Charge comes from electron count
4.5 — Ionic vs Molecular Compounds (Option · → Chem 11) 离子化合物 vs 分子化合物 · 选修(→化学11)
· Ionic: metal + non-metal (NaCl) · Molecular: non-metals share electrons (CO₂) · Different properties
Unit 5 · Naming Compounds (Option Theme · → Chem 11) 专题五 · 给化合物命名（选修专题·→化学11）
Exam weight: 选修 Option · → Chem 11
5.1 — Naming Ionic Compounds 离子化合物命名
· Metal name + non-metal with -ide (NaCl = sodium chloride) · Use the periodic table for charges · Criss-cross charges to get the formula
5.2 — Naming Molecular Compounds (Prefixes) 分子化合物前缀命名
· Prefixes: mono, di, tri, tetra… · CO₂ = carbon dioxide, CO = carbon monoxide · Two non-metals → prefix naming
5.3 — Common Polyatomic Ions (a Peek) 常见多原子离子（先看一看）
· Some ions are groups of atoms (OH⁻, NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, CO₃²⁻) · They stay together in reactions · Naming compounds with them
Unit 6 · Mixtures & Solutions 专题六 · 混合物与溶液（BC Grade 5 核心）
Exam weight: 核心 Core (BC Gr 5) + 选修
6.1 — Mixtures: Homogeneous vs Heterogeneous 混合物：均匀与不均匀
· Mixture = things together, each keeps itself · Heterogeneous: you can see parts (salad) · Homogeneous: looks the same all over (a solution)
6.2 — Solutions: Solute & Solvent 溶液：溶质与溶剂
· Solution = homogeneous mixture · Solute dissolves into the solvent · Dissolving = forming a solution; water is a great solvent
6.3 — Solubility & Saturation 溶解度与饱和
· Solubility of solids, liquids, gases (salt, honey, CO₂ in pop) · Faster dissolving: stir, heat, crush (fair test) · Saturated = no more dissolves
6.4 — Concentration 浓度
· Concentration = how much solute in the solvent · Concentrated vs dilute · Adding water → more dilute
6.5 — Intro to Molarity (Option · → Chem 11) 摩尔浓度初步 · 选修(→化学11)
· A precise way to say 'how concentrated' · Molarity = moles of solute per litre · A first look at how chemists measure solutions
6.6 — Separating Solutions: Evaporation, Crystallization, Distillation 分离溶液：蒸发·结晶·蒸馏
· Get the solute back: evaporation (salt) · Crystallization (rock candy) · Distillation (clean water from salt water)
Unit 7 · Chemical Changes & Reactions 专题七 · 化学变化与反应
Exam weight: 核心 + 选修 Core + Option
7.1 — Physical vs Chemical Change 物理变化 vs 化学变化
· Physical: same stuff, new shape/state (melting, dissolving) · Chemical: a NEW substance forms · Usually chemical changes are hard to reverse
7.2 — Signs of a Reaction 反应的迹象
· Color change, bubbles/gas, new smell · Heat/light given off or taken in · Precipitate (a solid appears)
7.3 — Reactants → Products & Word Equations 反应物→生成物·文字方程
· Reactants (start) → products (end) · Word equation: hydrogen + oxygen → water · The arrow means 'turns into'
7.4 — Conservation of Mass (Option · → Chem 11) 质量守恒 · 选修(→化学11)
· Atoms are not created or destroyed · Total mass before = total mass after · Why we must balance equations
7.5 — Balancing Simple Equations (Option · → Chem 11) 配平简单方程 · 选修(→化学11)
· Same number of each atom on both sides · Add coefficients (e.g., 2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O) · Never change subscripts
7.6 — Types of Reactions (Option · → Chem 11) 反应类型 · 选修(→化学11)
· Synthesis & decomposition · Single & double replacement · Combustion
Unit 8 · Measuring in Chemistry & Chemistry Around Us 专题八 · 化学的计量 & 身边的化学
Exam weight: 核心(安全) + 选修
8.1 — Measuring Mass & Volume 测量质量与体积
· Mass with a balance (g, kg) · Volume with a graduated cylinder (mL, L) · Careful measuring = good science
8.2 — The Mole: A Chemist's Dozen (Option · → Chem 11) 摩尔：化学家的“一打” · 选修(→化学11)
· Atoms are tiny, so chemists count in moles · 1 mole = a fixed huge number of particles · Like 'dozen = 12', 'mole = 6.02×10²³'
8.3 — Intro to Molar Mass (Option · → Chem 11) 摩尔质量初步 · 选修(→化学11)
· Mass of one mole of a substance (g/mol) · Add up atomic masses from the periodic table · H₂O ≈ 18 g/mol
8.4 — Being a Safe Scientist 安全小科学家
· Never taste/smell unknown substances · Read labels; ask an adult · Goggles, clean up, wash hands
8.5 — Chemistry Around Us & Stories of Chemists 身边的化学 & 化学家的故事
· Chemistry in the kitchen, body, and nature · How discoveries were made by curious people · Think like a chemist: wonder, predict, test